Friday 18 December 2015

MBA - SEMESTER - 3 - HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT - FALL - 2015

PROGRAM  - MBA
SUBJECT CODE & NAME - MU0010 – MANPOWER PLANNING & RESOURCING

1.  What do you mean by Manpower Planning? Describe the various stages & obstacles involved in Manpower Planning.

Definitions

According  to  K.  F.  Turkman  manpower  planning  can  be  defined  as  an attempt  to  match  the  supply  of  people  with  the  jobs  available  in  an organization. Statistical techniques have been used to  ascertain  the supply of people with the jobs available.

Various stages involved in Manpower Planning
·         Evaluate present manpower inventory
·         Manpower forecasting
·         Develop a manpower sourcing plan or retrenchment plan
·         Manpower allocation
·         Building requisite competencies
                                                                                 
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2.  What do you mean by Human Resource Accounting (HRA)? Discuss the objectives and advantages of HRA.


Definition of Human Resource Accounting

According to, The American Accounting Association’s committee (1973), human resource accounting is “the process of identifying and measuring data about human resources and communicating this information to interested parties”. So apart from calculating the costs and investments in processes like recruitment, hiring, placement and training, HRA also quantifies the value of employees in an organization. According to Eric Flamholtz (1971) HRA is defined as “the measurement and reporting of the cost and value of people in organizational resources”.                                                                       
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3.  Explain the Selection process undertaken by an organization

The selection process consists of the following steps:

1.  Define the job
2.  Review application/resume/CV/bio-data
3.  Written examination
4.  Preliminary interview
5.  Business games
6.  Selection tests
7.  Final interview with line manager
8.  Medical examination
9.  Reference checks
10.  Job offer

1. Define the Job

Selecting  the  right  candidate  begins  with  job  analysis.  The  job  analysis helps to gather information about the tasks, roles and responsibilities the job entails  and  information  regarding the  knowledge,  skills  and  abilities  (KSA) required  to perform the job as well as  the work environment or culture of a
                                                                                     
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4. Discuss in details the Employee Exit Process

Explaining the Employee Exit process in detail

The employee who wants to resign will discuss with his Manager, submits his resignation to his Manager. The Manager should put his comments on the resignation letter and forward it to HR. (these comments can be To be relieved by dd/mm/yyyy, or some other special comments) HR on receipt of the Resignation letter, enters in the software, the date of receipt of resignation letter, terms and conditions of resignation if any special is there. and comments of Manager,                                                       
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5.  As an HR, you are asked to focus on the Talent Development Process in your organization .How would you define Talent Development? Explain the necessity of Talent Development from an HR perspective. Explain the model for achieving excellence in Talent Development

Definition of Talent Development

Organizations seeking talent development do much more than just looking at  individuals;  they  seek  for  people  or  groups  of  people  who’ve  talent  at different levels in the organization. They search for people who have great potential, experience, performance record, and who are seasoned, matured but still aggressively driving forward. And from this group they will select a few  people  to  be  organizational  leaders  or  leaders  of  specialist  functions within  the  organization.  The  organization  has  to  take  the  responsibility  of creating and maintaining the HR systems that help in attracting, selecting, deploying, developing, rewarding and                                                                                 



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6.  Write short notes on the following:
a)Recruitment
b)Succession Planning

a) Meaning and objectives of Recruitment: William F Glueck – Recruitment is a set of activities and organization uses it to attract potential job candidates possessing appropriate characteristics to help the organization reach its objectives. Byars & Rue – Recruitment Involves seeking & attracting a pool of people from which qualified candidates for job vacancies can be chosen. Recruitment of applicants is a function that comes before selection. It helps to create a list of prospective employees for the organization so that the management can choose the right                                                           
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b) Concept of Succession Planning: One of the types of career planning is succession planning. Succession planning is a technique for identifying and developing internal employees with the potential to fill important organizational positions. Succession planning ensures the availability of experienced, skilled and competent employees that are prepared to assume these roles as they become available. Succession planning increases the progress of qualified employees from individual contributors to managers and leaders. Thus: It prepares                                                       

                                               
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PROGRAM  - MBA
SUBJECT CODE & NAME - MU0011 – Management and Organizational Development

1.  Define Organizational Development (OD).Elaborate the history of OD. Explain the importance of OD from a manager’s perspective

Definition of OD

In its widest sense, OD is a planned approach to improve employee and organisational effectiveness.  This  can  be  achieved  by  conscious  interventions  in  those processes  and  structures  that  have  an  immediate  bearing  on  the  human aspects of the organisation.
OD is the act, process, or result of furthering, advancing or promoting the growth of an                                                                                        
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2.  As an HR, you find that the OD professional in your organization is not competent enough. What are the competencies you will consider in a good OD professional?

Explain any ten competencies required for OD professional

To be effective, all OD practitioners must possess the following basic knowledge, skills and attitudes which are listed below:
1. Intrapersonal skills: As OD is a highly, uncertain process which requires constant adjustment and innovation, OD practitioner must possess good learning skills and must have values, feelings, purposes and integrity that helps in building the relationships in a smooth and cordial way.

2. Interpersonal skills: An OD practitioner helps to gain the competence which is required to solve problems. So, in order to build and maintain the relationships the OD practitioner must                                                    
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3.  Discuss the Ethical Dilemmas in practicing OD

Explain the ethical dilemmas in practicing OD

“Ethical dilemmas” are the results of behaviours and inappropriate actions or roles on the part of both change agents and client systems. Ethical problems and dilemmas are, therefore, a mutual responsibility of change agents and client systems, dependent largely on the nature of their specific relationship. Ethical problems and dilemmas faced by OD practitioners may leave                                                         
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4.  What is a Learning Organization? Discuss the attributes of a learning organization. Explain the various learning disciplines in learning organization

A learning organisation is a system wide change program that focuses on the participation and involvement of all the members of the organisation in a self-directed  learning  which  helps  in  achieving  the  positive  growth, effectiveness and changes for the entire organisation, teams and individuals as well as put emphasize on the reduction of the organisational layers. As it has its root in OD, it built on the idea of philosophies and development of the organisation.


                                                                                     
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5.  Describe the various tools used in OD intervention

Explaining the various tools used in OD intervention

You can analyse from your own business scenarios, that today technologies aim  at  online  collaboration,  building  of  communities,  collaborative  training and  global  sharing  of  best  practices  which  are  beyond  the  simple  data collection and normal correspondence.

The recent changing and new uses of such emerging technologies by OD practitioner  have  become  the  integral  component  of  the  dynamic organisational  change  and  management                                                  
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6. Write short notes :
a) Role Analysis Technique(RAT)
b) Reward Systems


Meaning and steps in RAT

You can define role analysis technique (RAT), as a technique designed to clarify role expectation. Role Analysis Techniques (RAT) has been developed by Dayal (1969) for redefining the managerial roles in an organisation. The set of behaviours or attitudes associated with a particular position in a group is called a role. Role analysis is used to clarify the role                                                               
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Meaning, objectives and types of rewards

A reward is something that, when presented after a behaviour, causes that behaviour  to  increase  in  intensity  and/or  frequency.  Nowadays,  OD Practitioners  are  focusing  on  developing,  designing  and  implementing  an effective  reward  system.  They  have  a  view  that  reward  should  match  the other systems and practices of the organisation such as top                                                      
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PROGRAM  - MBA
SUBJECT CODE & NAME - MU0012 – Employee Relations Management

1.  Define Strategy. Describe the different strategy levels in an organization

Definition of Strategy

Strategy (from Greek στρατηγία stratēgia, "art of troop leader; office of general, command, generalship" is a high level plan to achieve one or more goals under conditions of uncertainty. Strategy is important because the resources available to achieve these goals are usually limited.

Strategy generally involves setting goals, determining actions to achieve the goals, and mobilizing resources to execute the actions. A strategy describes how the ends (goals) will be achieved by the means (resources). The senior leadership of an organization is generally tasked with determining                                                       
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2.  Define Organizational Culture. Discuss the dimensions of organizational culture. Explain Charles Handy’s classification of organizational culture

Definition of organizational culture

Organisational  culture  describes  the  psychology,  attitude,  experiences, beliefs and values of an  organisation.  According to Hill and Gareth (2001), organisational  culture  is  defined  as  ‘the  specific  collection  of  values  and norms  that  are  shared  by  people  and  groups  in  an  organisation  and  that control the way they interact with each other and with stakeholders outside the organisation’.

An organisation is said to have a strong culture if its employees are aligned with  the  organisational  values.  Organisations  that  have  a  strong  culture function  efficiently.  On  the  other  hand,  in                                    

                                               
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3. Define Disciplinary procedure. Explain the various factors to be considered while analyzing a disciplinary problem.

Definition of Disciplinary procedure

Disciplinary  procedure  is  a  step-by-step  process  which  an  organisation follows while dealing with indiscipline of any kind. It is a good practice for organisations to establish a proper disciplinary procedure in order to ensure just  decisions.  A  disciplinary  procedure  includes  a  formal  system  of documented  warnings  and  hearings,  with  rights  of  representation  and appeal  at  each  stage.  Disciplinary  procedures  have  to  be  fair  and transparent in order to avoid legal complications. Caution                                                                            
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4. What do you mean by Human Resource Information System (HRIS)? Describe the various modules of HRIS. Discuss some of the HRIS software.

Definition of HRIS

Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS)  is a software application that caters  to  the  human  resource  information  needs  of  an  organisation  like monitoring employee attendance, payroll and benefits administration, career development,  employee  information,  performance  management,  and
training. HRIS is a collection of components which work together to gather, process  and  store  information  that  the  HR  department  can  use  to  make decisions,  to  coordinate  and  to  plan  its                                                       
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5.  As an HR of a Company, you are asked to focus on the causes of Grievance and the Grievance handling procedure. What according to you are the reasons of Grievance? Explain the pre-requisites you will consider while addressing Grievance handling procedure

Causes of Grievance

There  are  a  number  of  causes  of  employee  grievances.  Some  of  the reasons are as follows:

Economic:  Issues  related  to  wages  like  wage  calculation,  overtime,  and bonus. Employees often feel that they earn less than what they deserve.

Working environment:  Issues related to the employee’s work environment like  poor  working  conditions,  defective  equipment  and  machinery,  tools, materials.

                                                                                     
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6. Write a brief note on the following:
a) Trait theory
b)ERG theory

Meaning and concept of Trait theory

The  Trait  Theory:  This  theory  uses  traits  (characteristics)  to  distinguish between  leaders  and  non-leaders.  The  traits  associated  with  leadership according to this theory. The traits that indicate strong
leadership are as follows:

Intelligence:  This refers to the mental ability of a person and is only a moderate  predictor  of  leadership.  The  Intelligence  Quotient  (IQ)  of  a person can be used as a qualifier for high management jobs, but once the  high  position  is  attained,  an  effective  leader  also  displays                                             
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Meaning and concept of ERG theory

ERG Theory

To  bring  Maslow’s  need  hierarchy  theory  of  motivation  in  synchronisation with empirical research, Clayton Alderfer redefined it in his own terms. His theory  is called  the  ERG theory of motivation. He re-categorised  Maslow’s hierarchy of needs into three simpler and broader classes of needs:

·         Existence needs:  These include need for basic material necessities. In short, it includes an individual’s physiological and physical safety needs.

                                                                                     
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PROGRAM  - MBA
SUBJECT CODE & NAME - MU0013 –HR Audit

1.  Define Human Resource Planning (HRP).Discuss the objectives of Human Resource Planning.

Human  resource  planning  is  the  term  used  to  describe  how  companies ensure  that  their  staff  comprises  the  “right  person  for  doing  the  job”.  It includes planning for staff retention, planning for candidate search, training and skills analysis and much more.
It  is  the  process  of  acquiring  and  utilising  human  resource  in  an organization. The main                                                                               
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2.  What do you mean by Human Resource Audit? Discuss the purpose of HR Audit. Explain the common approaches to HR Audit.

Definition of HR Audit

Many  organisations  now  realise  that  their  most  important  and  expensive asset  is  their human resources. They recognise the need to exercise better control over these assets  so  that they  are able to  make an optimum return on their HR investment. In this regard, HR audit is seen by the organisations as  an  invaluable  tool  to  inculcate  discipline  and  accountability  among  the HR people.

Audit is one of the important Management Control Devices. It’s a review and verification of completed transactions to see whether they represent a true state of affairs of business or not.               

                                                                  
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3.  Suppose you have joined as an HR and you are asked to carry out the HR Audit process in your organization. What are the methods you will consider while implementing the HR Audit process?

Methods used in the HR Audit process are:

Interviews
In order to ascertain what the top management thinks about the future plans and opportunities available for the company, the auditors conduct individual interviews with the members of the top management.   The top management can provide a perspective for a good HR audit.  To collect information about the  effectiveness  of  the  Human  Resource  Development  System,                                                       
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4. Discuss the relationship between Human Resource Practices and Performance of business

The relationship between Human Resource Practices and Performance of Business :

The belief that Human Resource management and development practices have linkages with  organisational level outcomes has been  the  focus of the theoretical  and  conceptual  work  undertaken  by  Peters  and  Waterman (1982),  Porter  (1985),  and  Lawler  (1986).  Recent  empirical  work  has highlighted  the  connections  between  HR  practices  like  selection, performance appraisal, training, job design, promotions, information sharing, attitude  surveys,                                                                
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5.  What are the benefits that the employer derives from Employee Referral Programmes? Explain the different types of Interview.


The benefits of Employee Referral Programmes:

In  their  competition  to  identify  and  attract  outstanding  employees,  many companies many a time undermine their top recruiting source, i.e., their own employees. While many companies have some form of  Employee  Referral Programme (ERP) in their recruitment repertoires, the effectiveness of these initiatives  varies  dramatically.  Using  employee  referrals  as  part  of  a recruitment and hiring process offers employers several distinct benefits. 

                                                                                     
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6. Write a short note on the following:
a)Flanholtz model(Rewards evaluation model)
b) Pekin Ogan model


Concept and steps involved in Flanholtz model

The rewards evaluation model  was  suggested by FlanhoItz. It identifies the major variables that determine an individual’s value to an  organisation, or in other words, his expected reliable value.
The expected  realisable value of an  individual is the present worth of future services expected to be provided during the period he is expected to remain in the organisation. The model  is based on the presumed assumption that a person’s  value  to  an  organisation  depends  upon                                                           
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Concept and steps involved in Pekin Ogan model

The  Pekin  Ogan  model  suggested  by  Pekin  Ogan  (1976)  is,  in  fact,  an extension of  the  net benefit approach of Morse. This approach presents a new concept of determination of certainty equivalent net benefits  stream for each employee in an organisation.

In  this  model,  the  value  of  human  resources  is  determined  by  taking  into consideration the certainty with which the net benefits in future will accrue to the enterprise. The method involves the following steps:

                                                                                     
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