Thursday 27 August 2015

MBA - SEMESTER - 4 - COMMON - SUMMER - 2015

Program – MBA
Subject code & name  - MB0052 – STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND BUSINESS POLICY

1.  Describe  the  role  of  five  major  participants  in  the  Strategic Management Process (SMP) of a company.

The fact that the strategic management process involves strategy making at the corporate level, SBU level and functional level also implies that managers at different levels—top, senior and middle—participate in the strategic planning and management process. In addition to the managers, the board of directors also play a definite role. Many times, management consultants also play important roles in the                                                       
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2.  Differentiate between mission and vision of a company? Explain with examples.

A  Meaning and explanation of mission statement with examples
Mission Statement
‘A business is not defined by its name, statutes or articles of incorporation. It is defined by the  business mission. Only a clear definition of the mission and the purpose of the organization  makes possible clear and realistic business objectives.’
— Peter Drucker

This emphasizes the need for organizations to take their mission statement seriously and formulate it properly. What is a mission statement? Or, what is a company mission? The mission statement of a                  


                                                                  
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3. Explain in detail Porter’s four generic strategies.

Four Generic Strategies

Porter (1985) evolved the theory that there are four generic strategic optionsavailable to companies. These are:

• Cost leadership
• Focused cost leadership
• Differentiation
• Focused differentiation
Porter’s theory is based on the concepts of niche marketing and mass marketing and product proposition to be offered by different companies. Two dimensions of the strategy analysis are market coverageand basis of product performance. Porter’s theory or the strategy option matrix is shown in                                                        
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4.Differentiate between core competence and distinctive competence

1. Core Competence

Core  competence  of  a  company is  one  of  its  special  or  unique  internal competence. Core competence is not just a single strength or skill or capability of a  company; it is  ‘interwoven resources,  technology and skill’  or synergy culminating into  a  special  or core  competence.  Core  competence  gives  a company a clear competitive advantage over its competitors. Sony has a core competence in miniaturization; Xerox’s core competence is inphotocopying;

Canon’s core competence lies in optics, imaging and laser control; Honda’s core competence is in engines (for cars and motorcycles); 3M’s core competence is in sticky tape technology; JVC’s in video                                                                                           
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5  Define the term ‘industry’. List the types of industries. How do you conduct an industry analysis?

Definition of ‘industry’

An industry can be broadly defined as ‘the group of firms producing products that are close substitutes for each other’.

There is, however, a great deal of controversy over an appropriate definition of industry. The debate or controversy mostly centers around ‘how close substitutability needs to be in terms of product, process or geographic market boundaries’.

For example, if we take computers, desktop computers may be an industry; similarly laptop computers may be another industry. But, because there is a good deal of substitutability between desktop  and                                                                                      
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6.  What is meant by ‘structure of an organisation’? Describe the five major structural types or forms of an organisation.

Structure of an Organization

Structure of an organization defines the levels and roles of management in a hierarchical way. One can also say that an organizationalstructure spells out the way tasks, functions and responsibilities are allocated for implementing a policy or strategy. These also imply that an organizational structure facilitates or constrains how processes and relationships work.

An organizational structure is presented through the organizational chart. The organizational chart, however, is only a visual expression of the tasks, functions responsibilities, and the links and hierarchies among them. The structure goes beyond thevisible chart and signifies the mechanism through which an                                                 
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 PROGRAM  MBA
SUBJECT CODE & NAME MB0053 –International Business Management

1.“The world economy is globalizing at an accelerating pace”. Discuss this statement  and list the benefits of globalization.

The  world  economy  is  globalising  at  an  accelerating  pace  as  countries previously  closed  to  foreign  companies  have  opened  up  their  markets. Geographic distance is shrinking because of the Internet, as the ambitious companies aim for global leadership. All this is possible because of booming international business.

International business is mainly concerned with the issues that are related to international  companies  and  governments’  cross  border  transactions. International business involves                                                                                            
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2.  Hofstede said “Culture is more often a source of conflict than of synergy”. Discuss this  statement and explain the five cultural dimensions.


Ans- Hofstede’s cultural dimensions

According to Dr.  Geert Hofstede, ‘Culture is more often a source of conflict  than of synergy. Cultural differences are a trouble and always a disaster.’ Professor  Hofstede  carried  out  a  detailed  study  of  how  values  in  the  workplace  are  influenced  by  culture.  He  worked  as  a  psychologist  in  IBM  from 1967 to 1973. At that time he gathered and analysed data from many  people  in  several countries. Professor Hofstede established a model using  the  results  of  the  study  which  identifies  four  dimensions  to  differentiate cultures. Later,  a fifth dimension called ‘long-term outlook’ was added. The
                                               

                                                                  
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3.  Regional integration is helping the countries in growing their trade. Discuss this  statement. Describe in brief the various types of regional integrations.

Regional integration

Regional integration results in the creation and diversion of trade. It supports overall growth of the region, coupled with efficient trading practices. Trade creation increases production and income and also leads to new entrants  in the  market  and,  therefore,  results  in  tougher  competition.  The  transfer  of technology is also faster.
Regional integration induces  reduction on tariffs and prohibitions. It spreads goodwill among member countries and also helps in reducing the chances of conflict.

                                                                                     
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4.  Write short note on:
a) Foreign currency derivatives
b) bases of international tax systems

a) Foreign currency derivatives

Currency derivative is defined as a financial contract that seeks to  swap two currencies at a predestermined rate. It can also be termed as the agreement where  the  value  can  be  determined  from  the  rate  of  exchange  of  two currencies  at  the  spot.  The  currency  derivative  trades  in  markets  that correspond  to  the  spot  (cash)  market.  Hence,  the  spot  market  exposures can  be  enclosed  with  the  currency  derivatives.  The  main  advantage  from derivative hedging is the basket of currency available.

                                                                                     
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b) bases of international tax systems

The bases of international tax system are:

•          Tax  neutrality  –  To keep  the  economic  efficiency  from  being  affected the international tax system should remain neutral.For the nationality of the  invester  or  the  locality  of  the  investment  not  to  be  influenced,  a neutral tax is important. . Such an environment will allow capital to move from a nation with lesser return to a nation with higher return, resulting in well allocated resourses that will ensure a high gross world output..

                                                                                     
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5.  Strategic planning involves allocation of resources to firms to fulfil their long term goals. What are the types of strategic planning? Compare Top-down Vs Bottom-up planning.

Types of strategic planning

Strategic planning process involves allocation of resources to firms to fulfil their long-term goals. Any business plan can be classified into three  types.They are:

•                                                     Strategic planning:  This planning process is the best among the three business planning processes.  It  is a long-term process  thatthe business owners  utilise  to  unveil  their  business’  vision  and  mission.  It  also determines  a  gateway  for  business  owners  for  achieving  their  goals. Strategic planning fulfills the mission and the overall goals of the firm. Whereas,  the                                                         
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6.  Discuss the various payment terms in international trade. Which is the safest method and why?

The modes of payment

Cash-in-advance

Cash-in-advance  helps  in  removing  the risks  of credit  by  the  exporter. By this  method,  exporter  receives  the  payment  before  the  transfer  of  goods. The options that are available with the cash-in-advance method include wire transfers and credit cards. This is the least attractive method for many of the buyers as it creates cash flow problems. The buyers are concerned about the  quality/quantity  and  delivery  of  the  goods  that  are  not  sent  if  the payment is made in advance.

                                                                                     
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