Program MBA - Semester
1
Subject code & name MB0038 – Management Process
and Organisation Behavior
1. Define the terms ‘strategy’. Explain the following:
a) Corporate strategy
b) Business strategy
c) Functional strategy
Strategy
Once you
have your vision,
you have to
see how that
vision can be executed. Here is where strategy comes in.
Strategy means the grand plan and the term is borrowed from the military which
distinguished between the grand
plan and actual
action by calling
the former strategy
and the latter tactics.
Strategy in
organisations can be divided into three: 1) Corporate strategy, 2) Business
strategy, 3) Functional strategy
Corporate strategy
If you
are a company like TATA or BIRLA, you
will have several businesses under
you and a
corporate headquarters which
controls these. Each
of these businesses may be run by
an independent how
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2. Define the
term ‘management’. Explain
the Behavioural science
theory and Systems theory.
Definition of management
We can realise that
management has been happening right through the history of man and it is all
about making things smooth or shall we say efficient. It is also about
achieving our goals which in modern management literature we call
‘effectiveness’.
According to Harold Koontz, “Management is an art of
getting things done through and with people in formally organised groups. It is
an art of creating an environment in
which people can
perform as individuals
and can cooperate towards the
attainment of group goals”. According to
F.W. Taylor,
“Management is an art
of knowing what to do, when to do, and
see that it is done in the best and cheapest way”.
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3. Give the definition and
importance of planning in an organisation and explain the Portfolio Matrix or
BCG Matrix.
Definition and Importance of
Planning
Planning can
be defined as a basic
management function which
enables one to select the purpose of the business, and how the resources
should be mustered to achieve that purpose to include using the available
resources optimally to do
that. Planning implies
goal setting for
the organisation keeping in mind
the constraints, opportunities, and
threats as much as what the person or
business which is
planning wants to
do. Thus, a
plan is a blueprint
for goal achievement,
a blue print
that specifies the
necessary resource
allocations, schedules, tasks,
and other actions
to achieve the purpose.
A goal
is a desired
future state that
the organisation attempts
to reach. Goals are
important because an
organisation exists for
a purpose, and goals define and state that purpose.
Goals specify future ends; plans specify the means to do that. In Unit 1, we
saw the idea of vision and mission and
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4. Define the term controlling.
What are the prerequisites of effective control?
Definition of controlling
Controlling can be defined as
measuring and correcting of performance to achieve the
organisational goals. According
to Brech, “Controlling
is a systematic exercise
which is called
as a process
of checking actual performance against the standards or
plans with a view to ensure adequate progress and also recording such
experience as is gained as a
contribution to possible future
needs.” According to
Donnell, “Just as
a navigator continually takes
reading to ensure
whether he is
relative to a
planned action, so should
a business manager
continually take reading
to assure himself that his enterprise
is on right
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5. What are ‘attitudes’? Explain the components and functions of
attitude.
Attitudes:
Attitudes are
also known as
"frames of reference." They
provide the background against
which facts and
events are viewed.
It becomes necessary to know the
attitudes of members
of an organisation
because they have to perceive specific aspects like pay, hours of work,
promotion, etc. of their
work life in the wider
context of their
generalised attitudes. Attitudes
are also known as "frames of reference."
An
attitude is the predisposition of the individual to evaluate some objects in a
favourable or an unfavourable manner. The most pervasive phenomenon is
"attitude." People at work place have attitudes about lots of topics
that are related to them.
These attitudes are
firmly embedded in
a
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6. Define leadership. Write a
brief note on ‘Contingency Theories of Leadership’.
Definitions of
leadership
Warren
Bennis' definition of
leadership is focused
much more on the
individual capability of
the leader: "Leadership is a function
of knowing yourself, having
a vision that
is well communicated,
building trust among colleagues, and
taking effective action
to realise your
own leadership potential."
Bernard M. Bass states that
"leadership has been conceived as the focus of group processes,
as a matter
of personality, as
a matter of
inducing compliance, as the exercise of influence, as particular
behaviours, as a form of persuasion, as a power relation, as an instrument to
achieve goals, as an effect of interaction,
as a differentiated role,
as (an) initiation
of
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PROGRAM - MBA -
SEMESTER 1
SUBJECT CODE & NAME - MB0039 –Business
Communication
1. List the barriers to listening. Explain any four.
Barriers to Listening
Listening is
not easy and
there are a
number of obstacles that stand in the way of effective
listening, both within and outside the
workplace. These barriers may be categorised as follows:
·
Physiological
barriers
·
Physical barriers
·
Attitudinal
barriers
·
Wrong assumptions
Let us now briefly
discuss these barriers.
(1) Physiological barriers
This was
discussed earlier under
the barriers to
communication. Some people
may have genuine
hearing problems or
deficiencies that prevent
them from listening properly. Once detected, they can
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2. Name the
two categories of oral communication. Explain them.
Types of Oral Communication
Oral communication
has some advantages
compared to written
communication. The advantages
include personal quality,
high interactivity, possibility
of making immediate
contact and obtaining instantaneous feedback and control
over the receiver’s attention.
Oral communication
is classified into
two types: -
1. Oral face-to-face communication
Examples:
- Meetings
- Presentations
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3. How does internal business
communication affect the organization? Discuss the role of each stakeholder in
this.
Internal business communication
Business communication is
diverse and involves both ‘internal stakeholders’ within the
organisation, as well
as ‘external stakeholders’
outside the organisation. A manager has to constantly
communicate with and maintain good relations with each of these stakeholders or
public. This will enable the organisation to achieve its overall goals and
project a favourable image.
The wheel
of business communication reinforces –
communication is like
breathing, it never
stops and is a
constant process. Managers
have to stay
in continuous touch
with their internal
stakeholders like their superiors, peers, subordinates, shareholders,
employees and unions. At the same
time managers have
to communicate with external stakeholders
such as customers,
intermediaries (distributors and
retailers), suppliers of materials and components, government,
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4. Write a note on the responsibilities of chairperson during a meeting.
During the Meeting
The task
of conducting and
moderating the meeting
rests with the
chairperson. Below figure depicts the various responsibilities of a
chairperson that he/she has to manage
efficiently, while he/she conducts a meeting.
We shall discuss each of these procedures in
detail.
1. Opening
the meeting – The manner in which the meeting is opened
is important, as
a good opening
will ensure that
the rest of
the meeting proceeds smoothly. Generally, when you open a
meeting it is a best practice to sum
up what has
been stated in
the agenda -
including the goals,
background
information and expectations
of the participants.
It is also
a good idea to provide an outline of how the meeting will proceed, as
well as schedule of the meeting.
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5. You are going to face a job
interview for the post of Manager-operations. Which aspects you will keep in
mind while facing the interview?
Aspects to be kept in
mind during job interview are as follows:
·
Opening
formalities – Since
it is important
to create a
good first impression, the way
you greet and introduce yourself is important. Using the name of the
interviewer correctly, giving a firm handshake, waiting till you are asked to
be seated and sitting with an erect posture are common courtesies that should
be observed to project a good image.
·
Non-verbal communication – It
was emphasised that
in face-to-face communication, non-verbal
cues can enhance communication and convey a positive message. Apart from
a firm
handshake and erect
posture, your non-verbal
behaviour should indicate that
you are
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6. Write short notes on:
a) SQ3R technique of reading
b) Circulars
a) meaning and benefits of SQ3R
SQ3R technique
of reading was
developed by Robinson
in his book "Effective Study" (1970). SQ3R
stands for the initial letters of the five steps.
1. Survey
– Survey refers to a quick glance
through the title page, preface and chapter headings of a text. By surveying,
you will be able to gauge the main ideas of the text. Besides, the author’s
name, date, place of publication and title page can give you an idea of the general
subject area. The table of contents,
preface or foreword
in a book
would give you an idea
of the themes and how they are
organised. A survey of the index or bibliography tells you immediately whether
the book contains what you need.
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SUBJECT CODE & NAME - MB0040- Statistics for
Management
1. Give the meaning of the word Statistics. Mention the characteristics
of Statistics.
Definition of Statistics
“Statistics is a
science which deals with the method of collecting, classifying, presenting, comparing and interpreting the
numerical data to throw light on enquiry”.
– Seligman
According to Horace
Secrist, “Statistics may be defined, as the aggregate of facts
affected to a
marked extent by
multiplicity of causes,
numerically expressed, enumerated
or estimated according to a reasonable standard of accuracy,
collected in a
systematic manner for
a predetermined purpose
and placed in relation
to each other”1 . This definition is both comprehensive and exhaustive.
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2. a. What do you mean by Probability?
b. A bag contains 5 white, 6 red,
2 green and 2 black balls. One ball is
selected at random from the bag.
Find the probability that the selected ball is
i. white
ii. non-white
iii. white or green
iv. black or red
Ans 2 (a) : Definition of Probability
Probability is
a numerical measure
which indicates the chance of occurrence
of an event ‘A’. It is denoted by P(A). It is the ratio between the favourable
outcomes of an
event ‘A’ (m)
to the total
outcomes of the experiment
(n). In other words:
Where, ‘m’ is the
number of favourable outcomes of an
event ‘A’ and ‘n’ is the total number of
outcomes of the experiment.
Probability is
a numerical measure
which indicates the
chance of occurrence.
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3. What Do you mean by Sampling?
Describe various Probability and Non-
Probability Sampling Methods
Sampling
Sample is
a finite subset
of a population.
A sample is
drawn from a population
to estimate the characteristics of the
population. Sampling is a
tool which enables us to draw conclusions about the characteristics of the
population. The figure 7.3 depicts the population and sample.
Types of Sampling
By choosing a sample technique carefully, errors can be
minimised. Let us take a look at the
different techniques available. The sampling techniques may be broadly classified into the following categories:
i) Probability sampling
ii) Non-probability sampling
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4. Write short notes on
a. Type I and Type II error
b. Level of Significance
c. Null Hypothesis
d. Two–tailed Tests and One–tailed
Tests
e. Test Statistics
a. Type I and Type II error
Type I error: - For
example, making a
type I error
(rejecting a null
hypothesis when it is true) involves the time and trouble of reworking a batch of chemicals
that should have
been accepted. At the same
time, making a
type II error (accepting
a null hypothesis when it is false) means taking a chance that an entire
group of users
of this chemical
compound will be
poisoned. Obviously, the management of this company will prefer a type I error to a type II error and, as a result, will set very high levels of significance in its testing to get low ’s.
Type II error: - For example, making a type I
error involves disassembling an entire engine at
the factory, but
making a type
II error involves
relatively inexpensive warranty repairs by the dealers. In this case,
the manufacturer is more likely to
prefer a type II error and will set
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5 a. Explain The concept of One Way ANOVA.
b. Table given
below depicts the
data on production
rate by five
workmen on four machines. Test whether the rate is
significantly different due to workers
and machines.
Machines
|
Workmen
|
||||
I
|
II
|
III
|
IV
|
V
|
|
1
|
46
|
48
|
36
|
35
|
40
|
2
|
40
|
42
|
38
|
40
|
44
|
3
|
49
|
54
|
46
|
48
|
51
|
4
|
38
|
45
|
34
|
35
|
41
|
Ans: 5 (a) : One-way ANOVA
Procedure for carrying out
the One-way ANOVA
1. Compute the sum of all values ‘T’.
2. Find the correction factor:
Correction factor = 
3. Find Total sum of squares:
SST = Sum of squares of all
observations
4. Sum of the Squares of
Error between the columns (samples):
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6. a. Explain the meaning of
Weighted Index Numbers.
b. Information of sales price per unit of different commodities for two
different years is given in following
tableCommodities
Commodities
|
2010
|
2016
|
||
Price
|
Quantity
|
Price
|
Quantity
|
|
A
|
20
|
5
|
25
|
3
|
B
|
30
|
8
|
45
|
5
|
C
|
10
|
12
|
20
|
8
|
D
|
15
|
10
|
16
|
10
|
E
|
45
|
5
|
50
|
6
|
F
|
90
|
10
|
110
|
8
|
ndex taking 2010 as the base year and 2016 as the current year by following methods.
i. Laspeyre’s Price Index
ii. Paasche’s Method
iii. Dorbish and Bowley’s method
iv. Fisher’s Ideal Index Method
Ans: 6 (a) Weighted index numbers
To
meet the weakness of the simple or
unweighted method, we weigh the price of each commodity by a suitable
factor; often it is
the quantity or the volume of the commodity sold during the base
year. In other words, in this
method, appropriate weights are
assigned to various commodities to
reflect their relative importance in the group. The weight can be
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PROGRAM – MBA, SEMESTER - I
SSUBJECT CODE & NAME – MB0041 - FINANCIAL AND
MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING
1. Based on
the following information
prepare the Balance
Sheet of Star Enterprises Ltd. as on 31st
March 2016. Show workings and assumptions, if any.
Current Ratio
|
2.5
|
Liquidity Ratio
|
1.5
|
Net working Capital
|
Rs. 6,00,000
|
Inventory turnover Ratio
|
5
|
Ratio of gross profit to Sales
|
20%
|
Turnover Ratio to net fixed assets
|
2
|
Average Debt collection period
|
2.4 months
|
Fixed Assets to net worth
|
0.8
|
Long term debt
to capital and reserve
|
7/25
|
Answer:
Balance Sheet of
Star Enterprises Ltd. as on 31st March 2016
Liabilities
|
Rs.
|
Assets
|
Rs.
|
Share capital and Resere
|
1250000
|
Fixed Assets
|
1000000
|
Long-term Debt
|
350000
|
Inventories
|
400000
|
Current Liabilities
|
400000
|
Debtors
|
500000
|
Bank
|
100000
|
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2. Explain Balance Scorecard. Give an
illustration of Balance Score Card.
Balanced
scorecard
The
balanced scorecard is
a contemporary performance
measurement system for
an organisation. Traditionally, a
company’s performance was measured only
by using certain
financial ratios like
Return on Investment (ROI), Net Profit Ratio, Earning
Per Share (EPS), working capital
turnover, etc.
However, a company’s
performance or success
cannot be completely measured
from a single
view point (perspective). No
doubt, financial performance
is an important
aspect, but certain
other aspects are
also important. Financial
performance includes customer
satisfaction, efficiency
of internal
systems, opportunity for
learning in the
organisation, corporate governance,
etc.
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3. From the
following Balance Sheet of ABC Ltd. as
on 31. 03. 2015 and 31. 03. 2016, prepare Cash Flow Statement as per AS-3 using the Indirect method:
Liabilities
|
31.03.2015
|
31.03.2016
|
Capital
|
50,00,000
|
50,00,000
|
Retained
Earnings
|
26,50,000
|
36,90,000
|
Debentures
|
-
|
9,00,000
|
Current
liabilities
|
||
Creditors
|
8,80,000
|
8,20,000
|
Bank
loan
|
1,50,000
|
3,00,000
|
Liability
for Expenses
|
3,30,000
|
2,70,000
|
Dividend
Payable
|
1,50,000
|
3,00,000
|
91,60,000
|
1,12,80,000
|
|
Assets
|
||
Plant
and Machinery
|
27,30,000
|
40,70,000
|
Less
: Depreciation
|
6,10,000
|
7,90,000
|
21,20,000
|
32,80,000
|
|
Current
Assets
|
||
Debtors
|
23,90,000
|
28,30,000
|
Less:
Provision
|
1,50,000
|
1,90,000
|
22,40,000
|
26,40,000
|
|
Cash
|
15,20,000
|
18,20,000
|
Marketable
Securities
|
11,80,000
|
15,00,000
|
Inventories
|
20,10,000
|
19,20,000
|
Prepaid
Expenses
|
90,000
|
1,20,000
|
91,60,000
|
1,12,80,000
|
Additional Information:
1. Net
profit for the
year ended 31.03.2016,
after charging depreciation
Rs. 1,80,000 is Rs. 22,40,000.
2. Debtors of Rs. 2,30,000 were determined to be
worthless and were written off against the provisions for doubtful debts
account during the year.
3. ABC Ltd. declared dividend Rs. 12,00,000 for
the year 2015-16.
Answer:
Cash Flow Statement
PARTICULARS
|
Rs.
|
Rs.
|
Rs.
|
|
A. Cash Flows from Operating Depreciation
|
||||
Net Profit for the year after chargind depreciation
|
2240000
|
|||
Add:
|
Adjustment for Non-operating & Non - current items
debited to profit and loss account |
|||
Provision for doubtful debt less bad debt adjusted
|
40000
|
|||
Depreciation on plant & Machinery
|
180000
|
|||
(270000 - 230000)
|
||||
220000
|
||||
Operating profit before working capital changes
|
2460000
|
|||
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4. Following
information obtained from a manufacturing company :
01.04.2015 31.03.2016
Stock of Raw
Materials 50,000 60,000
Stock of Finished
Goods 1,00,000 1,50,000
Stock of Work – in –
Progress 13,000 16,000
Indirect Labour -
60,000, Lubricants – 12,000, Insurance on Plant –
4,000, Purchase of Raw Materials
– 3,00,000, Sales Commission -
72,000, Salaries to salesman
– 90,000, Administrative Expenses
– 1,50,000, Carriage Outward 20,000,
Power –
20,000, Direct Labour - 2,00,000,
Depreciation on machinery
– 40,000, Factory
Rent – 50,000, Property Tax on Factory Building –
14,000, Sales - 10,11,000
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Prepare
a statement of Cost and Profit showing :
(a) Cost of Raw Materials Consumed
(b) Prime Cost
(c) Total Manufacturing
Cost or Factory Cost or Works Cost
(d) Cost of Production
(e) Cost of Goods available for Sale
(f) Cost of Goods Sold
(g) Cost of sales and
(h) Profit
Answer: -
Particulars
|
Total Cost
|
Direct Material:-
|
|
Opening Stock
|
50000
|
Purchases
|
300000
|
350000
|
|
Less: - Closing Stock
|
60000
|
Direct Material Consumed
|
290000
|
Add: -
|
|
Direct Labour
|
200000
|
PRIME COST
|
490000
|
Add: -
|
|
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5. From the foll. Info. and the assumption that the balance in hand on 1st
Jan 2016 is Rs.1,35,000, prepare a
cash budget for January 2016 to June 2016
Month
|
Materials
|
Sales
|
Wages
|
Sales & Distribution
Overhead
|
Production Overhead
|
Administration Overhead
|
January
|
60,000
|
1,54,000
|
25,000
|
10,000
|
12,000
|
2,500
|
February
|
72,000
|
2,04,000
|
29,200
|
12,000
|
12,600
|
3,400
|
March
|
61,000
|
1,82,000
|
26,200
|
13,000
|
12,000
|
3,500
|
April
|
71,200
|
1,87,200
|
60,000
|
15,400
|
13,000
|
3,500
|
May
|
84,000
|
2,15,000
|
54,000
|
19,000
|
16,000
|
4,000
|
June
|
87,600
|
2,27,400
|
56,000
|
21,000
|
16,400
|
4,000
|
Assume that 50%
are cash sales.
Assets are to
be required in
Feb. and April.
Therefore, provision should be
made for payment of Rs.26,000 and Rs.60,000 for the same. An application has been made to a bank for grant of loan of
Rs. 50,000 and it is hoped that it will be received in the month of May. It is anticipated that a
dividend of Rs.70,000 will be paid in June. Debtors are allowed 1 (one) month credit. Sales
commission @ 3% on sales is to be paid. Creditors (for goods and overhead) grant one month’s
credit.
Answer:-
Cash budget for January 2016 to June 2016
Particulars
|
January
|
February
|
March
|
April
|
May
|
June
|
Opening Balance
|
135000
|
182380
|
215560
|
276900
|
246384
|
333934
|
RECEIPTS
|
||||||
Sales : -
|
||||||
January
|
77000
|
77000
|
||||
February
|
102000
|
102000
|
||||
March
|
91000
|
91000
|
||||
April
|
93600
|
93600
|
||||
May
|
107500
|
107500
|
||||
June
|
113700
|
|||||
Loan Received
|
50000
|
|||||
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6. A Ltd. and B Ltd. Sell the same type of product in same type of
market. Their budgeted Profit & Loss
for the year ending 2015 are as under :
a) Calculate the BEP and (b)
Margin of Safety in each
business,
(c) State which business is likely to earn greater profits in conditions
of
(i) heavy demand for their product
(ii) low demand for their product
Answer: 5
(a) BEP
PARTICULARS
|
A LTD
|
B LTD
|
Sales
|
150000
|
150000
|
VC
|
(120,000)
|
(100,000)
|
Contribution
|
30,000
|
50,000
|
FC
|
(15,000)
|
(35,000)
|
Budgetted profit
|
15,000
|
15,000
|
(a) BEP of A LTD
PV Ratio = (Contribution /
sales ) * 100 = 30000 / 150000 = 20%
BEP ( in Rs. ) = FC / PV
ratio = 15000 / 20 % = 75000
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PROGRAM - MBA -
SEMESTER 1
SUBJECT CODE & NAME - MB0042- MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS
1. Define Elasticity of Supply? Explain the factors determining
Elasticity of Supply?
Definition Elasticity of Supply
It is a parallel
concept to elasticity of demand. It
refers to the sensitiveness or responsiveness of supply to
a given change
in price. In
short, it measures
the degree of adjustability of supply to a given change
in price of a product. The formula to calculate elasticity of supply is as follows:
It implies that at
the present level with every change in price by one unit, there will be a change in supply by four units. Usually, elasticity of supply is positive.
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2. What is Perfect Competition and
also mention the features of Perfect Competition? Explain the different
characteristics of Monopolistic Competition?
Definition of Perfect Competition and its Features
A
perfectly competitive market is one in which the number of buyers and sellers are
large, all engaged
in buying and
selling a homogeneous product without
any artificial restriction
and, possessing perfect knowledge of
the market at
a time. According
to Bilas, “the
perfect competition is characterised by the presence of many firms;
they all sell the same product
which is identical. The seller is the price-taker”. According to Prof.
F. Knight, perfect competition entails
“Rational conduct on the part of buyers and sellers, full knowledge, absence of
friction, perfect mobility and perfect divisibility
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3. A cost-schedule is a statement of variations in costs resulting from
variations in the levels of Output and it shows the response of costs to
changes in output. If we represent the relationship between changes in the
level of output and costs of production, we get different Types of cost curves
in the short run. Define the kinds of cost concepts like TFC, TVC, TC, AFC,
AVC, AC and MC and its corresponding curves with suitable diagrams for each.
Answer:
In order
to study the
relationship between the
level of output
and corresponding cost of production, we have to prepare the cost
schedule of the firm. A cost-schedule is
a statement of variations in costs
resulting from variations in the levels of output. It shows the response of
costs to changes in output. Below table represents a hypothetical cost schedule
of a firm.
Output
in Units |
TFC
in Rs. |
TVC
in Rs. |
TC
in Rs. |
AFC
in Rs. |
AVC
in Rs. |
AC
in Rs. |
MC
in Rs. |
0
|
360
|
–
|
360
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
1
|
360
|
180
|
540
|
360
|
180
|
540
|
180
|
2
|
360
|
240
|
600
|
180
|
120
|
300
|
60
|
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4. Write short notes on:
a) Consumption Function
b) Investment Function
Define Consumption Function
The consumption
function indicates the
relationship between consumption and income. Consumption is an
increasing function of income. Lord Keynesin his theory of income and
employment has given a very significant place to this concept.
According to him,
the level of
national output, income
and employment directly depends on effective demand in an economy.
Higher the level of
effective demand, higher
would be the
level of income
and employment and vice-versa.
Effective demand consists
of consumption expenditure and
investment expenditure.
The term
consumption refers to a particular
amount of consumption out of
a given amount
of income. On
the other hand,
consumption function refers to different amounts of consumption at
different levels of income. It explains a functional relationship between
changes in the level of
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5. Define Monetary Policy and Fiscal Policy? Write down any four
objectives of both Monetary and Fiscal Policy?
Definition Monetary Policy
Monetary policy deals
with the total money supply and its management in an economy. It
is essentially a programme of
action undertaken by the
monetary authorities, generally the
central bank, to control and regulate
the supply of money
with the public,
and the flow
of credit with
a view to achieving
economic stability and
certain predetermined macroeconomic goals.
Monetary
policy can be explained in two different ways. In a narrow sense, it is
concerned with administering and controlling a country’s money supply including
currency notes and coins, credit money, level of interest rates and
managing the exchange
rates. In a
broader sense, monetary
policy deals with all
those monetary and
non-monetary measures and
decisions that affect the
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6. Define business cycle and some of the causes of business cycles?
Discuss the various objectives of Pricing Policies?
Definition and causes of business cycles
The term
business cycle refers to a wave-like fluctuation in the overall level of
economic activity; particularly
in national output,
income, employment, and prices
that occur in
a more or
less regular time sequence. It
is the rhythmic
fluctuations in the
aggregate level of economic
activity of a
nation. Different writers
have defined business cycles in
different ways. Business
cycles are an
alternation of periods
of prosperity and depression
of good and
bad trade. Such
cycles consist of recurring
alternations of expansion
and contraction in
the aggregate economic activity,
the alternating movements
in each direction
being selfreinforcing and
pervading virtually all parts of the
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SUBJECT CODE & NAME - MB0043 –Human Resource
Management
1. What is human resources
management? Discuss the scope of functions of HRM.
Definition of Human Resource Management
One of
the most useful
definitions of Human
Resources Management (HRM) is
provided by Fisher, Schoendfelt and Shaw in their book “Human Resources Management,“
HRM involves all
management decisions and practices
that directly affect
or influence the
people or Human
resources who work for the organization”.
The concept of human
resources entails:
·
Total knowledge
·
Skills
·
Creative abilities
·
Talents
·
Aptitudes of an organisation’s workforce
·
Values
·
Attitudes
·
Belief of the individuals involved
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2. Describe the process of HR Planning. Explain HR Forecasting Techniques
.
Process of Human Resource Planning
The process of Human
Resource Planning is one of the most critical, difficult and
continuing managerial functions
which, according to
the Tata Electric
and Locomotive Company
(now known as
Tata Motors), "embraces organisation development, management
development, career planning and
succession planning."
'Manpower planning
consists of projecting
future manpower requirements
and developing manpower plans for the implementation of the
projections.'
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3. What is succession planning?
What are the benefits of having a formal Succession Planning System in an
organization?
Succession Planning
Traditionally
succession planning was restricted to senior-level management positions and
this was either an informal or formal process.
Over the
years succession planning
has established itself
as a key HR
activity in most
organisations with formal
processes that ensure
it is reviewed regularly
and scientifically. In
smaller organisations it is yet an
informal process where the individual manager identifies and grooms his or her
own successor.
Succession
planning involves an examination of strategic (long-range) plans and HR
forecasts for all
identified key positions
in an organisation.
It includes positions that are critical for the business and for its
continuity, and not just the
senior level positions.
It includes a
review of the
data on all
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4. What is HRIS? Discuss the
impacts of HRIS implementation in an organization.
Human Resource Information System
HRIS, HR
Technology or HR
modules are an
intersection between HRM and IT. It merges HRM as a discipline and
in particular its basic HR activities and processes with the IT field, whereas
the planning and programming of data processing systems evolved into
standardised routines and packages of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
software. On the whole, these ERP systems
have their origin
in software that
integrates information from different applications into one
universal database. The linkage of its financial and human resource modules
through one database is the most important distinction to
the individually and
proprietarily developed predecessors, which makes this software
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5. Discuss about
Welfare Facilities in an organization.
Who all are responsible for welfare facilities in an organization?
Discuss.
Welfare facilities in an organization
Employee welfare is a term which must necessarily be
elastic, with somewhat different interpretations in different countries. This is because of the different social customs, the
degree of industrialisation and
educational levels of
the workers in these countries. Welfare means faring (or)
doing well. It is a
comprehensive term and
refers to the
physical, mental, moral and
emotional well-being of an individual.
Trade
unions and governmental and non-governmental agencies It is rather difficult to
define the term employee welfare accurately because of the relativity of the concept. Welfare
includes anything that is
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6. What is Flexi-time? What are
the benefits of flexi-time to the organization and employees?
Flexi time
Flexi time
is a scheme
where an organisation
gives its employees
the opportunity of a flexible
working hours arrangement. Under flexi time, there is normally a core period of
the day when employees must be at work
(e.g., between 10 A.M. and 4 P.M.), whilst the
rest of the working day is
"flexi time", in which the staff can choose when they work, subject to achieving total daily, weekly or
monthly hours. An employee must
work between the
basic core hours
and has the
flexibility to clock
in/out between the other
hours.
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